2012
[ News Blog of Survive2012 ]
 
 

Local Supernova 10,000 years ago



Question: Why does the black hole in our galactic center only emit 20% of the expected x-ray intensity?

Answer 1: It is saving them up for one almighty & nasty outburst (me).

Answer 2:

Ten thousand years ago a supernova exploded very close to Sagittarius A*. The fast-expanding gases swept away much of the local interstellar gas and dust, preventing material from falling into the Milky Way's supermassive black hole, thereby "starving" it. Less material falling into the black hole meant fewer X-rays being emitted.

This supernova from the special date of 10,000 years ago needs some more investigation!

Source: FirstScience

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Cosmic Rain destroyed Dino World



A shower of matter from space millions of years ago could have led to drastic changes in the Earth's climate, followed by the extinction of life on a massive scale, which also killed off the dinosaurs...

Incidentally, cosmic weather might also be a decisive factor in the speed of evolution. The cosmic rays from which we are protected by the solar wind are so full of energy that they can change the DNA of living beings.

This article looks at how "clouds of interstellar matter" can interfere with the solar wind, and allow more cosmic rays to hit earth, therefore causing more mutations!

Source: Space Daily


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Our sweet Sun


Sun loops

"When a powerful event like a CME disturbs the solar atmosphere, Earth can feel the effects, even if the CME is not directed our way." - article at NASA

"Huge loops of very hot gas rising above the Sun`s surface vibrate with enormous energy at times of solar storms." - article from ESA at EurekAlert


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Brown dwarfs - no worries


Brown Dwarf

Astronomers have observed a brown dwarf orbiting a low-mass star - at a distance of just three times that which separates Earth and the Sun. Hard to see, brown dwarfs were once thought to all be drifting aimlessly around space (and therefore a threat to our planet). Now it appears that they are normally in orbit around another a star.

Source: Gemini Observatory

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Monster Wimpzilla attack



An army of monster Wimpzillas is hiding out in our Galaxy and Earth is under attack. Fantastical as these beasts sound, they could solve two mysteries that have been plaguing physicists for years: the source of the Universe's missing mass, and the origin of the most powerful cosmic rays hitting our planet.

According to the article they will soon have detectors that will tell us if this is where cosmic rays originate from.

Source: EurekAlert / New Scientist

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Black Hole = Electric Motor?


Black Hole - nasty jet

The magnetic fields extend for up to 10 million light years, and the energy is created by some form of dynamo in the center of the black hole.

Los Alamos researchers believe that a "sudden reconnection or fusing" of magnetic field lines creates cosmic rays. Powerful stuff going on.

Source: Cosmiverse

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Important new detectors


Gravity Waves. Albert Einstein predicted their discovery as part of his general theory of relativity.

A $300 million project called LIGO gets switched on in July. It consists of a wave antenna in two halves, one in New York and one in Livingston, La. A gravity wave is kind of like a space-quake, and will detect if a supernova occurs in our region. Or something undiscovered and just as dangerous?

Source: Seattle Post

Geomagnetic Field. SWARM is four satellites in two different polar orbits between 400 and 550 km altitude, which will make a global high-precision survey of the geomagnetic field. This will help scientists study the scary aspect of a magnetic pole shift.

Source: Alpha Galileo

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Solar flare silences Japan's Mars probe


A solar flare has silenced Japan's first Mars probe, cutting communications with Earth. Japanese officials say the spacecraft's computers can be reconfigured to fix the problem - but this may take six months.

But that might've only been a baby flare compared to what the sun has in store for us...

Source: New Scientist

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White Dwarf Could Destroy Life on Earth


Chandra pic of a supernova
A white dwarf called HR8210, part of a binary star system just 150 light years away, was first spotted in 1993. By itself it is not large enough to evolve into a dangerous supernova; however, it is in a binary system with another aging star, which will dump its outer layers on HR8210 when it enters its final days.

They say it might take hundreds of millions of years before it goes supernova, but fail to give us any minimum...

Sources: Cosmiverse + New Scientist + (picture details)

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NEAR Resurrection: Bringing Back the Dead Spacecraft


See this previous article mentioning the "conspiracy theory" about a Hall of Records, NEAR and Eros...

A death-defying comeback might be in store for NASA's Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) spacecraft. The probe is now muted, quietly resting in a no-shout zone on the surface of asteroid 433 Eros.

An attempt to reconnect with NEAR may occur at year's end as the rocky world and Earth move into close proximity and sunlight washes over the spacecraft's energizing solar panels.

Sounds to me like they want an update, from a piece of rock where nothing should be happening.


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CME on its way


A solar coronal mass ejection (CME) is heading toward Earth. Sky watchers should be alert for auroras after sunset on Thursday, May 23rd, and again on Friday, May 24th. Forecasters estimate a 25% chance of severe geomagnetic activity at middle latitudes when the CME arrives.

Spaceweather.com


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Giant star plays bass


Click here to hear it (MP3) -->starbass (audio/mpeg, 254 KB)

Stars make sounds. The discipline of asteroseismology measures the oscillations. The internet lets you hear them!

The new observations demonstrate that xi Hya oscillates with several periods of around 3 hours.

It is well worth downloading the tune it makes (look for the link at ESO). Okay, it's speeded up a million times, but it has a rocking rhythm!

European Southern Observatory Cosmiverse


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'Strangelets from outer space attacking Earth'


Once or twice a year a strange, heavy "nugget" from outer space, as small as a blood cell but weighing about a tonne, may zoom through the Earth at up to 1,500,000 kmh.

American scientists believe two earthquakes in 1993 were caused by these "strangelets" - an exotic form of matter that has not been directly detected yet.

They say that in October, 1993, a strangelet entered the planet near Antarctica in a violent explosion and exited south of India 27 seconds later. A month later, another hit the Pacific Ocean and left via Antarctica 19 seconds later. Shock waves were recorded in Australia and Bolivia.

How scary is that?

The culprits are apparantly "strange quark nuggets"--exotic bits of matter hypothesized to drift through space, but never detected. First proposed by Witten in 1984. Other physicists have calculated that they would dash through Earth with dramatic effect: a 1-ton fleck would unleash the energy of a 50-kiloton nuclear bomb, spread along its entire threadlike path.

The scientists looked at hundreds of thousands of unexplained seismic events and found a few that could possibly be caused by such a hypothetical happening. (Or by chance!)

Geologist Eugene Herrin, of the Southern Methodist University in Texas says "There would probably be a tiny crater but it would be virtually impossible to find anything."

Australian physicist Anthony Thomas says "I don't think our knowledge of the structure of matter is good enough to know whether they (strangelets) do or don't exist."

Telegraph Ananova InScight The Age


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Cosmic catastrophe "a certainty"


According to Dr Arnon Dar, of the Technion Space Research Institute, Israel, a particular type of exploding star going off anywhere in our region of the Universe would devastate our planet.
A collapsed supermassive star would create a black hole that would "send out a beam of destructive radiation and particles that would sterilise any planet in its path"

He has calculated that it would happen to Earth once every 100 million years or so. Article at BBC or Cosmiverse or Unknown Country


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Earth expels gas


The Earth reacts so strongly to the solar wind that it helps create space storms that disrupt electricity grids and satellite and radio communications, surprised NASA scientists said on Thursday.

The Earth's outer atmosphere works as a heat shield to deflect and absorb some of the damaging energy, but in the process creates a billion-degree cloud of electrified gas that sets up loops of multimillion amp electric current.

It's chaos up there! - story at CNN and NASA


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Life-supporting ecosystem for space


Cary Mitchell
Purdue [University] will help design a self-sustaining environment for future space colonies. Residents will grow their own crops and live inside fully enclosed habitats in which all wastes are constantly being recycled and purified. Plants will provide foods and oxygen for humans, microbes will be used to break down wastes, and other technologies will be needed to remove impurities from the air and water.
Good news for anyone planning on evacuating Earth in an emergency
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Protecting Cosmonauts from Cosmic Rays


When on the Earth, atmosphere and magnetosphere reliably protect people from the solar cosmic rays ruinous for all living beings. Out in the interplanetary space cosmonauts are vulnerable, unless special protection measures are involved. To fully shield human beings from space radiation the spaceship body should be about three meters thick, but the engine able to launch such a huge spaceship has not been invented yet. Certainly, the cosmonauts are shielded both by the environmental suits and by the spaceship body, but the protection is not sufficient. So, what can be the solution to the problem?
Solution...They place radiation detectors throughout the spacecraft, so that the cosmonauts can hang-out in the least affected areas. Kinda like using the shadow of a tree as shade - when the shadow moves, you move too.

NASA are working on it too:

"On a trip to Mars and back, without the appropriate shielding, about every cell in the body would be traversed by one of these heavier articles."
Read more about why having a roof 3 metres thick would be sensible if a pole shift removed the Earth's protection for a while:

Radiation Hazards to Crews of Interplanetary Missions: Biological Issues and Research Strategies (1997)

Space Daily


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X-Ray Flashes & Gamma-Ray Bursts may be related


Researchers have concluded tentatively that X-ray flashes are the low-energy relatives of gamma-ray bursts, created by similar mechanisms.

This implies that there are different degrees of ray bursts from neutron stars, black holes, and quasars - and that there's a good chance we haven't observed a big one yet.


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Hot new Hubble pics


Tadpole galaxy Four striking images have been posted online, taken by the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), which was installed aboard the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope in March during Servicing Mission 3B.

The one above is of the strange "Tadpole Galaxy". See the images, read the story...


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Cosmic ray mystery solved?


The highest-energy particles in the Universe, known as galactic cosmic rays, have always puzzled scientists. The particles' source must be within 200 million light years of Earth, because cosmic rays from beyond this distance would lose energy as they traveled through cosmic microwave radiation. It has been uncertain what kinds of objects within this distance could generate such energetic particles.

Answer: "retired" quasars - galaxies containing supermassive black holes that now appear lifeless

"Each contains a central black hole of at least 100 million solar masses that, if spinning, could form a colossal battery sending atomic particles, like sparks, shooting off towards Earth at near-light speed,"
The if is important, but their argument is sound enough...BBC or Cosmiverse

BUT WAIT! They come from supernovas.....


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